{"id":982,"date":"2023-10-03T12:59:12","date_gmt":"2023-10-03T10:59:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/astrolabium.be\/erasme\/?p=982"},"modified":"2024-02-29T08:53:28","modified_gmt":"2024-02-29T07:53:28","slug":"leonhart-fuchs-1501-1566","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/astrolabium.be\/erasme\/?p=982","title":{"rendered":"Leonhart Fuchs (1501-1566)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Biographie :<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Leonhart Fuchs (1501-1566) est n\u00e9 en Bavi\u00e8re, o\u00f9 il devient un m\u00e9decin r\u00e9put\u00e9. En 1535, il est appel\u00e9 \u00e0 T\u00fcbingen par le duc de Wurtemberg pour participer \u00e0 la r\u00e9forme de l\u2019universit\u00e9. L\u00e0, il \u00e9tablit un jardin des plantes m\u00e9dicinales, l\u2019un des plus vieux au monde. Il meurt \u00e0 T\u00fcbingen en 1566.<br>Le \u00ab fuchsia \u00bb vient de son nom : c\u2019est Charles Plumier, un botaniste fran\u00e7ais, qui lui a d\u00e9di\u00e9 cette fleur de Saint-Domingue en 1703.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Contributions \u00e0 la pharmacologie et la botanique :<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Son ouvrage De historia stirpium commentarii insignes (\u00ab Commentaires insignes au sujet de l\u2019histoire des plantes \u00bb) est publi\u00e9 \u00e0 B\u00e2le en 1542, en latin. Il est traduit en allemand l\u2019ann\u00e9e suivante. Un ouvrage plus petit ne reprenant que les illustrations a \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9dit\u00e9 dans les ann\u00e9es suivantes, c\u2019est ce qu\u2019on appelle le \u00ab petit Fuchs \u00bb.<br>Vous pouvez consulter les illustrations de l\u2019ouvrage num\u00e9ris\u00e9 par la Biblioth\u00e8que royale de Belgique en suivant ce lien :<br><a href=\"http:\/\/sic.astrolabium.be\/index.php?lvl=notice_display&amp;id=380\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">http:\/\/sic.astrolabium.be\/fuchs<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Fuchs d\u00e9crit la flore allemande et des esp\u00e8ces \u00e9trang\u00e8res, par ordre alphab\u00e9tique. Il s\u2019inspire essentiellement de Dioscoride, il est donc encore impr\u00e9gn\u00e9 de la tradition antique et m\u00e9di\u00e9vale.<br>C\u2019est surtout au niveau des illustrations qu\u2019il se d\u00e9marque. Ainsi que les illustrations \u00e0 la fin de l\u2019ouvrage le rappellent, Albrecht Meyer a dessin\u00e9 et aquarell\u00e9 les plantes d\u2019apr\u00e8s nature ; Heinrich F\u00fcllmaurer a report\u00e9 les illustrations sur le bois ; et Veit Rudolph Specklin les a grav\u00e9s.<br>Fuchs accordait une grande importance aux illustrations, et a exerc\u00e9 un contr\u00f4le sur ses gravures, alors que d\u2019ordinaire celles-ci \u00e9taient commandit\u00e9es par l\u2019imprimeur et appartenaient \u00e0 ce dernier.<br>Fuchs estimait aussi que chaque gravure devait repr\u00e9senter toutes les parties de la plante ; un m\u00eame dessin peut donc repr\u00e9senter une plante \u00e0 diff\u00e9rents stades de son \u00e9volution. Chaque plante est aussi repr\u00e9sent\u00e9e de mani\u00e8re \u00ab id\u00e9ale \u00bb, sans ses petits d\u00e9fauts individuels.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Plantes li\u00e9es :<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/astrolabium.be\/erasme\/?p=849\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"849\">Alo\u00e8s<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/astrolabium.be\/erasme\/?p=863\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"863\">B\u00e9toine<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/astrolabium.be\/erasme\/?p=870\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"870\">Bouillon blanc<br><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/astrolabium.be\/erasme\/?p=874\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"874\">Bourrache<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/astrolabium.be\/erasme\/?p=893\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"893\">Camomille romaine<br><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/astrolabium.be\/erasme\/?p=897\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"897\">Ch\u00e9lidoine<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/astrolabium.be\/erasme\/?p=1004\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"1004\">Ell\u00e9bore vert\/noir<br><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/astrolabium.be\/erasme\/?p=1019\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"1019\">Fenouil<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/astrolabium.be\/erasme\/?p=1022\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"1022\">Foug\u00e8re<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/astrolabium.be\/erasme\/?p=1025\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"1025\">Grande consoude<br><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/astrolabium.be\/erasme\/?p=1031\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"1031\">Guimauve officinale<br><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/astrolabium.be\/erasme\/?p=1037\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"1037\">Joubarbe des toits<br><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/astrolabium.be\/erasme\/?p=1040\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"1040\">Laiteron \u00e9pineux<br><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/astrolabium.be\/erasme\/?p=1043\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"1043\">Lavande<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/astrolabium.be\/erasme\/?p=1046\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"1046\">Lierre grimpant<br><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/astrolabium.be\/erasme\/?p=1049\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"1049\">Lin<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/astrolabium.be\/erasme\/?p=1052\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"1052\">Menthe pouliot<br><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/astrolabium.be\/erasme\/?p=1055\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"1055\">Persil<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/astrolabium.be\/erasme\/?p=1058\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"1058\">Plantain lanc\u00e9ol\u00e9<br><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/astrolabium.be\/erasme\/?p=1061\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"1061\">R\u00e9glisse<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/astrolabium.be\/erasme\/?p=1064\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"1064\">Rose<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/astrolabium.be\/erasme\/?p=1067\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"1067\">Sauge officinale<br><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/astrolabium.be\/erasme\/?p=1070\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"1070\">Scolopendre ou langue de cerf<br><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/astrolabium.be\/erasme\/?p=1073\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"1073\">Souci officinal<br><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/astrolabium.be\/erasme\/?p=1076\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"1076\">Sureau Y\u00e8ble<br><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/astrolabium.be\/erasme\/?p=1079\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"1079\">Tanaisie<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/astrolabium.be\/erasme\/?p=1082\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"1082\">Thym<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/astrolabium.be\/erasme\/?p=1085\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"1085\">Violette odorante<br><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/astrolabium.be\/erasme\/?p=1089\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"1089\">Laurier<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Biographie : Leonhart Fuchs (1501-1566) est n\u00e9 en Bavi\u00e8re, o\u00f9 il devient un m\u00e9decin r\u00e9put\u00e9. En 1535, il est appel\u00e9 \u00e0 T\u00fcbingen par le duc de Wurtemberg pour participer \u00e0 la r\u00e9forme de l\u2019universit\u00e9. L\u00e0, il \u00e9tablit un jardin des plantes m\u00e9dicinales, l\u2019un des plus vieux au monde. Il meurt \u00e0 T\u00fcbingen en 1566.Le \u00ab [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":983,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-982","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-histoire"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/astrolabium.be\/erasme\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/982","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/astrolabium.be\/erasme\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/astrolabium.be\/erasme\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/astrolabium.be\/erasme\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/astrolabium.be\/erasme\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=982"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/astrolabium.be\/erasme\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/982\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2141,"href":"https:\/\/astrolabium.be\/erasme\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/982\/revisions\/2141"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/astrolabium.be\/erasme\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/983"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/astrolabium.be\/erasme\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=982"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/astrolabium.be\/erasme\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=982"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/astrolabium.be\/erasme\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=982"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}